Materials or Compositions for Making Light Steel

Main raw materials
Light‑gauge steel is produced from:
Iron ore (bijih besi) – the primary source of iron for all steel types. 

Coke – used in the blast furnace to reduce iron ore and produce pig iron, which is then refined into steel. 

Limestone – helps remove impurities such as sulfur and phosphorus during smelting.

Manganese ore / manganese ferroalloy – improves strength and workability of the steel. 
These materials are melted and refined into carbon steel, then shaped into thin coils (often called Cold Rolled Coil / CRC) before being coated and formed into “baja ringan” profiles. 
Chemical composition of the steel base
The base steel of light‑gauge steel is usually low‑carbon steel, with approximate maximum.

limits around:
Carbon (C) : up to about 0.20–1.70% depending on grade; lightweight structural steel is kept low (often <0.25%) so it stays ductile and easy to form. 

Manganese (Mn) : up to about 1.65%; improves strength and hardenability. 
Silicon (Si) : up to about 0.60%; helps in deoxidizing the melt and influences strength. 
Copper (Cu) : up to about 0.60%; can slightly improve corrosion resistance. 

This combination gives the steel good strength while keeping it relatively light and easy to bend into thin structural sections. 

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