About Enzyme

An enzyme is a biological catalyst that speeds up chemical reactions in living organisms without being used up in the process. In most cases, enzymes are proteins, although some RNA molecules can also act as enzymes. 

Complete explanation
Enzymes are essential for life because they make reactions happen fast enough for cells to function properly. Without enzymes, many body processes such as digestion, energy production, DNA replication, and cell repair would be far too slow. 

Main features
They are highly specific, meaning one enzyme usually works on one particular substrate or a small group of similar substrates. 
They lower the activation energy needed for a reaction to start. 
They are not permanently changed or destroyed in the reaction, so they can be used again and again. 
They work best under certain conditions, especially specific temperature and pH ranges. 

How they work
An enzyme binds to its substrate at the active site, forms an enzyme-substrate complex, and helps convert the substrate into product. After the reaction, the product leaves and the enzyme is free to catalyze another reaction. 

Examples
Common examples include:
Amylase, which breaks down starch.
Lipase, which breaks down fats.
Protease, which breaks down proteins. 

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