Sea Urchins

Sea urchins are round, spiny marine animals belonging to the class Echinoidea within the phylum Echinodermata. They have a spherical body covered with hard calcareous plates and sharp spines that protect them from predators.

These spines typically range from 1 to 10 centimeters in length, though some species can have spines up to 30 centimeters long.
There are approximately 950 species of sea urchins found on ocean floors in every ocean around the world. They live in habitats ranging from shallow intertidal zones to depths of about 5,000 meters. 

Sea urchins move slowly using small tube feet on their underside and also push themselves along with their spines.
These animals are primarily herbivores that feed on algae, though some species also consume small animals. They have a unique mouth structure on their bottom surface called Aristotle's lantern, which consists of five calcium carbonate teeth used for scraping and grinding food.

Sea urchins are preyed upon by fish, starfish, crabs, sea otters, and humans. The reproductive organs, or roe, of sea urchins are considered a delicacy in many cultures. In Japan, this sushi ingredient is called uni and is highly prized. The roe is also popular in Korean cuisine and is eaten fresh in other coastal regions.

In Indonesian, sea urchin is also known as bulu babi, which literally means pig hair. The name describes the spiky, bristly appearance of the animal.

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