The Welding is Used for Underwater Welding

Underwater welding mainly uses Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW, “stick welding) for wet underwater welding, and conventional arc processes such as MAG, GTAW, and SMAW inside dry hyperbaric chambers for dry underwater welding. 

Wet underwater welding
The most common method is SMAW (stick welding) with waterproof electrodes that generate a gas bubble around the arc to shield the molten weld from water.
Sometimes Flux‑Cored Arc Welding (FCAW) is also used underwater, again with flux‑coated wire that produces shielding gas underwater. 

Dry underwater (hyperbaric) welding
Here the weld is done in a pressurized dry chamber (habitat or “dry spot”) over the work area, so standard shop processes can be used. 

Common methods include SMAW, MAG (Metal Active Gas), and GTAW (TIG), chosen based on material, quality requirements, and pressure conditions. 
In practice, SMAW dominates wet repairs, while MAG/GTAW plus SMAW are typical for higher‑quality dry‑chamber work on offshore structures, pipelines, and ship hulls. 

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