Various Types of Cherries

Cherries fall into three main groups — sweet (Prunus avium), sour/tart (Prunus cerasus), and dukes (hybrids of sweet × sour) — and within those groups there are hundreds of named varieties (cultivars) such as Bing, Rainier, Montmorency, and Morello.

Types overview
Sweet cherries are eaten fresh, vary in color from yellow to deep red/black, and include common cultivars like Bing, Rainier, Lapins, Tulare, and Sweetheart.

Sour (tart) cherries are used for baking, juice, and processing; the leading commercial types include Montmorency and Morello (English Morello).

Dukes are intermediate crosses with characteristics of both sweet and sour cherries and are grown less widely but used where a blend of flavor or hardiness is desired.

Notable cultivars and uses
Bing — large, dark red, sweet; a major fresh-market variety.

Rainier — yellow with red blush, very sweet and prized fresh or for premium sales.
Montmorency — bright red tart cherry commonly used for pies, preserves, and processing.

Morello — darker, tart cherry valued for baking, sauces, and liqueurs.
Lapins, Stella, Santina — examples of self-fertile or more disease-tolerant sweet varieties used in home orchards 

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